How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, but it can affect adults as well. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can help improve a person's life.
A diagnosis for ADHD may involve interviewing the person and family members. The doctor may also look over the school records of the past to determine whether symptoms began as an infant.
Symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying well-organized from time to time however, for those who has ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and home life. To be diagnosed with the disorder, a person must exhibit severe symptoms in at least two of these areas and demonstrate that the symptoms significantly impair daily functioning. The symptoms must have also been present for a minimum of six months.
A doctor will inquire of the patient about his or her symptoms, as well as about any medical concerns and family history. They can also utilize rating scales to assess a child's or adult's symptoms. These questionnaires are often based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and an impulsive nature.
In adults, doctors may request a conversation with a significant other or people who know the patient. This isn't to question honesty, but to gain more insight into a person's behavior that can't be gathered from the answers to a questionnaire. They may also ask about childhood behavior and use the old school records to determine if the symptoms started before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis the doctor will perform an examination and lab tests to rule out other health issues, like head injuries or thyroid issues that can cause similar symptoms. The provider will also review the patient's medications. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other conditions. It is crucial that adults speak to their primary healthcare providers in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
For a person to be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must be present in more than one setting (like school, home and at work) and seriously hinder functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and cannot be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional or doctor will use a variety of tools during the assessment that include ADHD symptom checklists as well as standardized behavior rating scales and a detailed history. They can also speak with family members or friends to find out what the symptoms have done to them. They can also inquire if there are any other physical or mental illnesses that display similar symptoms.
Evaluators will take into account whether symptoms are mild or severe. They will also review the patient's medical and familial background to determine if there are any root causes behind their condition like thyroid disorders or head injuries.
In some instances, the evaluator might want to conduct cognitive testing or request the person take an imaging test to rule out other causes of their symptoms, such as learning disabilities. People with these disorders often show different symptoms from those with no issues. For instance, boys tend to exhibit hyperactivity symptoms, whereas girls inattentive symptoms.
A few people suffering from ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical study to try out new treatments. This is an excellent chance to conduct further research. However, participants should be aware that the primary purpose of these studies is scientific knowledge and is not a guarantee of treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more information on clinical trials.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD It is essential to find a specialist trained in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider if ADHD specialists are covered. You could also ask your family physician or other healthcare providers for recommendations. Additionally, referrals from word-of-mouth are a good option.
A doctor will speak with the patient -or their parents in the case of children, about symptoms. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, or ask for information from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insights will reveal more than can be learned from questionnaires.
Experts will also review any old school records particularly old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually determined by the past of the individual. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present from childhood (technically, before the age 12).
A physical exam is also carried out. It checks for other medical issues that could be the cause of the symptoms, such as thyroid problems or seizure disorders. The expert will often conduct a neurological exam, that checks for coordination and motor control. Psychological tests, which are designed to measure abilities and intelligence, may be utilized as well. In addition, a person might be asked to perform simple computer tasks that test memory and attention. adhd diagnosis adult can help an expert determine if the person is hyperactive or inattentive. The expert will choose a treatment plan and make a diagnosis. Treatment plans typically consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping skills and change unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is offered by a primary doctor or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD are helped by medication. However it is not the only method of treating the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination can be beneficial for teenagers, children and adults. These therapies help them cope and cope with their ADHD symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education on ADHD and how to manage it, can be incorporated. They can involve teachers, parents and other professionals.
It is crucial to find a mental health professional or health care professional who is experienced in treating ADHD. You can request recommendations from people who have ADHD or from a mental health provider you already know, or do an online search. It's best to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The health professional will ask you or your child about the signs and problems that are caused by ADHD. They will conduct physical examinations and check for any other health conditions that could cause similar symptoms. They will go over your or your child's medical and family history, school records, and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) (DSM-V) which is primarily geared towards diagnosing children is more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your health care provider will talk to you or your child about their symptoms and may request others who spend long periods of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants like methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and atomox as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals referred to as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people suffering from ADHD also suffer from comorbid disorders, including anxiety or depression. The treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients may benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment which teaches techniques such as time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
In addition, therapists can assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle adjustments. For instance an exercise routine that is regularly practiced can reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is crucial as well. People who suffer from ADHD tend to consume more fat and sugar and less fruit and vegetables. Making social and family relationships a priority can reduce stress and help people feel more in control of their lives.
Another benefit of an ADHD diagnosis is that it provides children and adults a clearer awareness of their difficulties. For instance, a child with ADHD may have trouble communicating their needs to teachers and peers however, once a teacher is aware that it's not personal or due to a lack of motivation, accommodations can be provided.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the individual's age, speak with family and teachers, read medical records, and check for any comorbidities. For adults, records from schools could be useful in determining whether the ADHD symptoms started before the age of adulthood.
A physical exam is often included, and the specialist will likely check for vision and hearing problems. The doctor may also do a blood test to look for certain hormones and other health issues that could cause symptoms similar to ADHD.